人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)《Have you read Treasure Island yet?》SectionA PPT教學(xué)課件(第3課時(shí))，共33頁。
Objectives
To learn the present perfect tense with“already”and“yet”.
To learn some new words: fiction, technology, French…
Grammar Focus
Have you read Little Women yet?
Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet?
Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
用法：
1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet?
–Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. (現(xiàn)在我不餓了。)
2. 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過去某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。
e.g. I haven’t seen her these days.
I’ve known Bob for three years.
I’ve been at this school for over two years.
時(shí)間狀語：already, yet, just, ever, never, before
構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞have / has+ 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成與過去式相同，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞則需逐個(gè)記憶。動(dòng)詞的過去式的變化和過去分詞的變化并不完全相同。我們對(duì)它們作了一個(gè)大致的分類。
一、過去式和過去分詞的變化相同規(guī)則變化：
1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加ed。如：
pick → picked → picked;
wish → wished → wished;
stay → stayed → stayed
2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加d。如：
like → liked → liked;
hope → hoped → hoped;
phone → phoned → phoned
3. 以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：
study → studied → studied;
hurry → hurried → hurried;
reply → replied → replied
4. 詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：
stop → stopped → stopped;
clap → clapped → clapped
不規(guī)則變化：
5. 以不變應(yīng)萬變。如：
let → let → let;
put → put → put;
read → read → read
6. 若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個(gè)e，單詞末尾再加t。如：
feel → felt → felt;
keep → kept → kept;
sleep → slept → slept
7. 末尾的字母d變t。如：
lend → lent → lent;
build → built → built;
send → sent → sent
8. 變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾。如：
buy → bought → bought;
bring → brought → brought;
catch → caught → caught;
teach → taught → taught
句式
1. 肯定句：主語 + have / has + 過去分詞 (+其他)
2. 否定句：主語 + have / has + not + 過去分詞(+其他)
3. 一般疑問句：have/ has + 主語 + 過去分詞(+其他)
4. 特殊疑問句：
1)特殊疑問詞 (不是句子主語) + have / has + 主語+過去分詞 (+其他)
2)特殊疑問詞(是句子主語)+have / has+ 過去分詞(+其他)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)--與already連用
already 意為“已經(jīng)”，常用于肯定句中。一般置于助動(dòng)詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前，但也可放在句末。
e.g. 我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。
I have already seen the film.
我已經(jīng)解決了這個(gè)問題。
I have already solved this problem.
我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。
I have finished my homework already.
yet，在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句型中常置于句末。
1) “已經(jīng)”，常用在疑問句中。
e.g. 琳達(dá)已看過這本書了嗎?
Has Linda read the book yet?
你完成家庭作業(yè)了嗎？
Have you finished your homework yet?
2)“還，仍然”，常用于否定句和疑問句。
e.g. 他還未開始工作。
He has not begun to work yet.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)
同學(xué)們要注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別。雖然這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)都和過去發(fā)生的事情有關(guān)，但是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如：
I went home at 10:00 yesterday.
I have got home now.
我昨天十點(diǎn)回家的。現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)到家了。
I have already finished my homework.
我已經(jīng)寫完家庭作業(yè)了。
I finished my homework an hour ago.
我一個(gè)小時(shí)之前寫完了家庭作業(yè)。
Homework
Review the new words and expressions.
Make sentences using the present perfect tense with “already” and “yet”. (at least 10 sentences)
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關(guān)鍵詞：Have you read Treasure Island yet? PPT課件免費(fèi)下載，.PPTX格式；
