外研版高中英語必修三《Disaster and hope》PPT教學(xué)課件(第1課時(shí))，共19頁。
Look at the sentences and compare them
What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)?
Sentence (a) leaves out “lines”.
Sentence (b) leaves out “it is”.
Why does the author leave them out?
To avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious and make the sentences more concise.
The use of ellipsis in English
省略是一種避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的語法手段。與漢語-樣，英語中的省略也較為常見。
一般來說，只要不損害結(jié)構(gòu)或引起歧義，能省略的地方就可以省略。
省略的意義：可使語言更加簡潔，意思更加明確，句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊。
What is ellipsis？
省略是指省去可以根據(jù)上下文語境或情景語境恢復(fù)的句子成分。英語中存在多種多樣的省略現(xiàn)象，句子中既可以省略主語、謂語、謂語的一部分或賓語，也可以一起省略主語和謂語。省略在口語和書面語中都非常普遍。省略的使用包括但不局限于以下情況:
一. 簡單句的省略
省略主語：祈使句中主語通常省略; 其它省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。
(I)Thank you for your help.
(It)Doesn’t matter.
(I) Beg your pardon
省略主謂或主謂語的一部分
(There is) No smoking.
(Is there) Anything wrong?
(Will you) Have a smoke?
Why (do you) not say hello to him?
省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to,但如果該賓語是動(dòng)詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后加上be或have:
-Are you going there?
-Yes, I’d like to(go there).
He didn’t give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).
-Are you an engineer?
-No, but I want to be (an engineer).
-He hasn’t finished the task yet.
-Well, he ought to have (finished the task).
省略表語
-Are you thirsty? - Yes, I am (thirsty).
His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).
同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)成分
Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
--Have you finished your work?
--(I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
二. 主從復(fù)合句中的省略及其他情況的省略。
主句中有一些成分被省略
(I’m) Sorry to hear you are ill.
(It’s a)Pity that he missed such a good chance.
- Is he coming back tonight? -I think so.
- She must be busy now?
- If so, she can’t go with us.
- Is she felling better today?
- I’m afraid not.
- Do you think he will attend the meeting?
- I guess not.
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