人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)《What were you doing when the rainstorm came?》SectionA PPT教學(xué)課件(第3課時(shí))，共37頁。
Objectives
To learn the grammar-the past progressive tense.
To learn to apply the past progressive tense to talk about the past events.
Grammar Focus
What were you doing at eight last night?
I was taking a shower.
What was she doing at the time of the rainstorm?
She was doing her homework.
What was he doing when the rainstorm came?
He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.
What was Ben doing when it began to rain heavily?
When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
1. 以when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
1) 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞指動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間, 而不是瞬間結(jié)束。
如: work、study、drink、eat等。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞指動(dòng)作極為短暫，瞬間結(jié)束。
如: start、begin、hit、jump、knock等。
2) 在本單元中，出現(xiàn)了以when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。when表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，這些動(dòng)詞既可以表示動(dòng)作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：
Mary was having dinner when I saw her.
The boy was still sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning.
3)while表示“在……的時(shí)候”、“在……期間”。
它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過程中。while從句中必須是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
She called while I was out.
如果主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作過程中發(fā)生，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
While the boys were playing football, it rained.
2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
概念: 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
構(gòu)成: was/were + 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞
用法:
a: 表示某一時(shí)刻正進(jìn)行的行為，與特定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用，常見的時(shí)間有: at 8 last night, at this time, at that time, at that moment 等
What were you doing at 10 yesterday morning?
I was writing a letter to my father at that moment.
b: 表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
e.g. We were building a house last winter.
They were waiting for you yesterday.
否定句和疑問句：
e.g. We were not sleeping at home.
Was he feeling well?
3.現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成
1)一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-ing，如go—going
2) 以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 先去掉e, 再加-ing
come — coming make — making write — writing
3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾以一個(gè)輔字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)先雙寫這個(gè)字母，再加ing，x和w結(jié)尾的除外。
get — getting swim — swimming show — showing
4) 以字母y結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加ing。如：
carrying playing studying
5) 以字母ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。
die → dying lie →lying
6) 以元音字母加e結(jié)尾，或以e結(jié)尾，且e發(fā)音的動(dòng)詞，直接加- ing。
see — seeing be — being
4. 使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)
1)一些動(dòng)詞，如see, hear, love, like, know,
remember, understand, have等表示感情、知覺和狀態(tài)的詞，一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
2) 在there和here引起的句子中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
e.g. Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別
1) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而一般過去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)完整的動(dòng)作。如：
They were writing letters to their friends last night.
昨晚他們?cè)趯懶沤o他們的朋友。 (沒有說明信是否寫完)
They wrote letters to their friends last night.
他們昨晚寫了信給他們的朋友。
(表達(dá)了他們已寫好的意思，整個(gè)寫的過程已完成)
2) 當(dāng)動(dòng)作延續(xù)較長時(shí)間時(shí)或表示厭煩、贊美等
感情色彩時(shí), 常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示。如：
He was thinking more of others than of himself.
他考慮別人的比考慮自己的多。
(表示說話者贊揚(yáng)的口氣)
The boy was always making trouble then .
那時(shí)，他總是惹麻煩。(表示說話者厭煩的口氣)
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