人教版九年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)《When was it invented?》SectionA PPT課件下載(第3課時(shí))，共36頁。
Objectives
To understand and use the passive voice(past tense) be + v (ed).
To talk about when inventions were invented and where they were invented.
If you like, you can practice more.
被動(dòng)語態(tài) (Passive Voice)
結(jié)構(gòu): be + V-p.p.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):
am / are / is +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):
was / were +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
Many people speak English. (主動(dòng)語態(tài))
English is spoken by many people.
The naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主動(dòng)語態(tài))
The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.
主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句所遵循的4個(gè)步驟：
1. 把原主動(dòng)句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語。
2. 把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)形式即be+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化，而動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)則保持不變。
3. 原主動(dòng)句的主語如需要?jiǎng)t放在by后面以它的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要?jiǎng)t可省略。
4. 其它的成分（定語、狀語）不變。
Grammar Focus
When was the zipper invented?
It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by?
It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea?
It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for?
It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)
主語+was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（ + by…）
主語+was/were + not+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+ by…)
Was/Were+主語+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by …)?
特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（ +by...)?
2. 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法
表示過去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，且句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者。
講述發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，且不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
He was honored with the name“ Father of Hybrid Rice”.
他被授予“雜交水稻之父”的稱號(hào)。
3.含雙賓語和復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的方法
①含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，通常把指 “人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而指“物”的直接賓語則不變。
►He gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book (by him) yesterday.
②如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則在間接賓語前加to或for。
►I brought him some food.
Some food was brought to him (by me).
③含有復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要將其中的賓語變成主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語不變。
►Jim asked Tom to go for a walk.
Tom was asked (by Jim) to go for a walk.
④ 如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上不定式符號(hào) to。
►We often heard Kate sing in the room.
Kate was often heard to sing in the room (by us).
Language points
1. all of a sudden: 突然；猛地
可寫作of a sudden, on a/the sudden 或all on a sudden。
例句：
►突然，燈都滅了。 All of a sudden, the lights went out.
►那個(gè)男孩突然開始哭起來。
The boy began crying all of a sudden.
2. luckily作副詞，意為“幸運(yùn)地”，也可換成to my luck或 luckily for me，其后通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開。例句：
►Luckily, she was at home when I called.
幸好當(dāng)我打電話時(shí)她在家。
Homework
Write a dialog about their things using the passive voice.
Finish off the exercises on the text book.
Read 4b and 4c.
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