《Music》SectionⅢ PPT
專項(xiàng)突破
過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)
1．(教材P52)___________ (bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988．
2．(教材P52) ___________ (move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time．”
3．(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and ___________ (discourage)．
4．(教材P58)___________ (encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day．
過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)
1．過(guò)去分詞可放在連系動(dòng)詞be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)
◆Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor．
湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過(guò)地板。
◆Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．
終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。
2．過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別
過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)；而動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。
◆The library is now closed．(狀態(tài))
圖書(shū)館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。
◆The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(動(dòng)作)
昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。
3．感覺(jué)類及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別
過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。
◆We were amazed at what he said at the meeting．
我們對(duì)他在會(huì)上講的話很是驚訝。
◆His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged．
他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的類型
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式/伴隨和結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ)，且與主句主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
1．過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句�？稍谶^(guò)去分詞前加上連詞“when, while, until”等，使其時(shí)間意義更明確。
◆Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．
→When it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．
當(dāng)從遠(yuǎn)處看時(shí)，這幅畫(huà)似乎更美了。
◆Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
→When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
當(dāng)被問(wèn)到對(duì)教學(xué)工作的看法時(shí)，菲利普說(shuō)他發(fā)現(xiàn)它既有趣又有意義。
2．過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為由since, because或as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，這類狀語(yǔ)多放在句子的前半部分。
◆Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．
→Because I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．
由于擔(dān)心考試，我這幾天感到不安。
3．過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if, once或unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
◆Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．
→If they are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．
如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快。
◆Given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．
→If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．
再給我?guī)追昼姷臅r(shí)間，我就會(huì)完成這個(gè)報(bào)告。
4．過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)以though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
◆Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．
→Though he was encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．
盡管受到了父母的鼓勵(lì)，他仍然沒(méi)有信心克服困難。
◆Invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．
→Though I was invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．
即使被他邀請(qǐng)，我也不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。
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